What is the Measure? Commercial food-service kitchens often experience short periods of high hot water demand during food preparation, dishwashing, cleaning, and sanitation activities. Heat pump...

Introduction Commercial food-service kitchens often use large amounts of domestic hot water. Meeting that demand efficiently can be challenging, particularly during periods of peak use. Heat pump...

Introduction Process heat in industrial and large commercial facilities can represent a major share of on-site energy use, especially where loads are served by fossil fuel-based systems such as...

What Is the Measure? Industrial and large commercial facilities often use significant amounts of energy for process heating, particularly where facilities use combustion-based systems. As building...

What Is the Measure? Effective building operation is critical to achieving long-term energy cost savings, sustainability goals, and compliance with evolving performance standards. This measure...

Introduction Building efficiency extends beyond high-performance equipment. Sustained performance depends on how building systems are monitored, controlled, and optimized over time. Building...

Introduction Across the commercial building sector, refrigeration systems represent a large untapped source of recoverable thermal energy. Supermarkets, grocery stores, cold storage facilities, and...

Introduction Refrigeration systems in commercial buildings represent a significant yet often overlooked source of recoverable thermal energy. Through refrigeration heat reclamation—commonly referred...

Introduction Multifamily buildings use energy in a wide variety of ways throughout the day, from air conditioning and domestic hot water (DHW) to cooking, lighting, and plug loads. Energy use...

Introduction Multifamily buildings often present complex energy management challenges due to varied tenant behavior, diverse appliance use, and unit-by-unit load variability. While energy management...

What is the Measure? Domestic hot water (DHW) systems often account for a significant share of a building’s total energy use. While equipment efficiency, such as that of water heaters, is frequently...

Introduction to Heat Pump Water Heating with High-Performance Distribution Systems Water plays a vital role in nearly every building type, supporting a wide range of critical human, mechanical, and...