What Is the Measure?
Air-to-water heat pump water heaters (HPWHs) represent the latest breakthrough in pool and spa heating technology. These innovative systems mark a significant leap forward in efficiency, sustainability, and performance for aquatic heating solutions. Unlike traditional heating methods, which often rely on fossil fuels or electric resistance heating, air-to-water HPWHs harness the heat from the surrounding air and transfer it efficiently into pool and spa water. Air-to-water HPWHs offer unparalleled energy efficiency, reducing operating costs while minimizing environmental impact. With their advanced design and functionality, air-to-water HPWHs promise to revolutionize the way we heat pools and spas, providing a sustainable and cost-effective solution.
A pool heat pump transfers the heat from the surrounding air to the pool and spa water using the refrigeration cycle. This process begins with a fan drawing in air that passes over an evaporator coil containing a refrigerant. The refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates, then passes through a compressor to increase its temperature and pressure. The high temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor flows through a condenser coil, where it condenses and releases its heat into the pool and spa water. The process repeats as long as the HPWH is running, maintaining the desired pool temperature set-point.
Higher-Efficiency Heat Pump Water Heater
One of two primary distinguishing features of higher-efficiency heat pump pool and spa heaters is their utilization of scroll compressors. Unlike the reciprocal compressors found in conventional heat pump pool heaters, scroll compressors operate using a more advanced mechanism. Scroll compressors consist of two spiral-shaped components that orbit each other, effectively compressing the refrigerant gas. Scroll compressors offer several advantages over reciprocal compressors, including greater durability and reliability, as well as improved energy efficiency.
The second distinguishing feature of this higher efficiency system is their incorporation of titanium heat exchangers. Titanium, copper, and stainless steel are common materials used in heat exchangers for pool and spa HPWHs. Titanium stands out as the best choice due to its exceptional corrosion resistance and durability, making it ideal for harsh pool water environments. While copper and stainless steel are also options, titanium offers superior longevity and reliability, especially in saltwater or highly chlorinated pools.
With their innovative design, enhanced performance, and reduced environmental footprint, air-to-water heat pumps are poised to transform the pool and spa heating industry for the better.
What are the Benefits of Using a Pool Heat Pump for Efficient Heating?
- Assists with decarbonization and meeting CARB 2030 goals by removing gas use
- More energy efficient than traditional heating methods, yielding better energy savings
- Provides consistent and reliable heating for pools and spas year-round by maintaining desired temperature in moderate weather conditions
- Lower operating cost compared to gas system
What are the Challenges/Constraints?
- Initial installation cost is higher than gas-powered pool heater
- Potentially longer heating cycles in colder climates; efficiency and heating capacity are influenced by outdoor air temperature variations
- Larger system footprint compared to gas fired heating system
- Additional electrical load: system requires dedicated electrical circuits and higher voltage supplies
